Enterocin AS-48 (BACTERIOCIN AS-48)

Accession: BAC143

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Bacteriocin: Enterocin AS-48 (BACTERIOCIN AS-48)

Accession: BAC143

Classification

Class: ~~Unclassified~~

Genetics

Gene: as-48

Producer and target organisms

Producer Organism: Enterococcus faecalis (Streptococcus faecalis) [Gram-positive]

Taxonomy: BacteriaFirmicutesLactobacillalesEnterococcaceaeEnterococcus.

Target organismsUnknown error type: [8] Uninitialized string offset: -1
Unknown error type: [8] Uninitialized string offset: -1
Gram-positive species: - Bacillus subtilus - Bacillus cereus - Bacillus circulans - Bacillus megaterium - Corynebacterium glutamicum - Corynebacterium bovis - Mycobacterium phlei - Nocardia corrallina - Micrococcus luteus - Micrococcus lysodeikticus - Staphylococcus aureus - Streptococcus faecalis - Streptococcus faecium -

Gram-negative species: - Enterobacter cloacae - Escherichia coli - Klebsiella pneumoniae - Proteus inconstans - Salmonella typhimurium - Shigella sonnei - Pseudomonas fluorescens - Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Pseudomonas reptilivora -

note: not active against Alcaligenes faecalis - Proteus sp - Pasteurella sp

Description

The antimicrobial effect of AS-48 is due to its ability to form pores in the membranes of sensitive bacteria, leading to the efflux of small molecules and the depletion of the membrane electrical potential and ultimately leading to cell death

[Ref. 1] | View abstract | Export citation

NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE, STRAIN=S-48; PLASMID=BglII;
MEDLINE=95014079;PubMed=7929005;
Martinez-Bueno M., Maqueda M., Galvez A., Samyn B., Van Beeumen J., Coyette J., Valdivia E.
"Determination of the gene sequence and the molecular structure of the enterococcal peptide antibiotic AS-48.", J. Bacteriol. 176:6334-6339(1994).

[Ref. 2] | View abstract | Export citation

PROTEIN SEQUENCE, PLASMID=BglII;
MEDLINE=95010683;PubMed=7925951;DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(94)00925-2
Samyn B., Martinez-Bueno M., Devreese B., Maqueda M., Galvez A., Valdivia E., Coyette J., Van Beeumen J.
"The cyclic structure of the enterococcal peptide antibiotic AS-48.", FEBS Lett. 352:87-90(1994).

[Ref. 3]

PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Gonzalez, C., Langdon, G.M., Bruix, M., Galvez, A., Valdivia, E., Maqueda, M., Rico, M.
"Bacteriocin AS-48, a microbial cyclic polypeptide structurally and functionally related to mammalian NK-lysin.", Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA (2000) 97: 11221-11226.

[Ref. 4] | View abstract | Export citation

Characterization of AS-48
PubMed=3098396;
Gálvez A., Maqueda M., Valdivia E., Quesada A., Montoya E.
"Characterization and partial purification of a broad spectrum antibiotic AS-48 produced by Streptococcus faecalis.", Can. j. Microbiol. 32(10):765-771(1986)

Gene structure

genome of Enterocin AS-48 (BACTERIOCIN AS-48)

Gene id	Name	Description	Location
BACGene634	as-48	AS-48 protein	70..387
BACGene635	as-48B	AS-48B protein AS-48 maturation and biosynthesis	461..2152
BACGene636	as-48C	AS-48C protein putative accessory factor in AS-48 secretion	2133..2669
BACGene637	as-48C1	AS-48C1 protein putative ABC transporter	3041..3535
BACGene638	as-48D	AS-48D protein putative ABC transporter	3535..4194
BACGene639	as-48D1	AS-48D1 protein as-48 immunity gene	4181..4351
BACGene640	as-48D1	hypothetical protein ORF6	4556..5065
BACGene641	as-48D1	hypothetical protein ORF7	5043..6266

Protein sequence

........10 ........20 ........30 ........40 ........50 ........60 ........70 ........80
| | | | | | | |
MAKEFGIPAA VAGTVLNVVE AGGWVTTIVS ILTAVGSGGL SLLAAAGRES IKAYLKKEIK KKGKRAVIAW

Wheel representation

3D Structure

View PDB entry: 1E68

Protein sequence annotations

Features of Enterocin AS-48 (BACTERIOCIN AS-48)

Feature	Position(s)	Length	Description
CHAIN	1↔70	70	peptide antibiotic AS-48. Feature identifier = PRO_5000146287.

Composition

Amino acid	Count	Percent
A	12	17.14 %
C	0	0.00 %
D	0	0.00 %
E	4	5.71 %
F	1	1.43 %
G	9	12.86 %
H	0	0.00 %
I	6	8.57 %
K	8	11.43 %
L	6	8.57 %
M	1	1.43 %
N	1	1.43 %
P	1	1.43 %
Q	0	0.00 %
R	2	2.86 %
S	4	5.71 %
T	4	5.71 %
V	8	11.43 %
W	2	2.86 %
Y	1	1.43 %

Hydrophobicity

Composition

Formula	C₃₂₈ H₅₄₉ N₈₇ O₈₉ S₁
Absent amino acids	CDHQ
Common amino acids	A
Mass (Da)	7186.77
Net charge	+6
Isoelectric point	10.83
Basic residues	10
Acidic residues	4
Hydrophobic residues	35
Polar residues	19
Aliphatic residues	20
Tiny residues	25
Boman Index	-0.61
Hydropathy Index	0.54
Aliphatic Index	117.14
Instability Index	18.82 (stable)
Half Life	Mammalian : 30 hour Yeast : >20 hour E. coli : >10 hour
Extinction Coefficient	12490 M^-1 cm^-1
Absorbance 280nm	181.01