Gallidermin

Accession: BAC018

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Bacteriocin: gallidermin

Accession: BAC018

Classification

Class: Lantibiotic

Genetics

Gene: gdmA

Producer and target organisms

Producer Organism: Staphylococcus gallinarum [Gram-positive]

Taxonomy: BacteriaFirmicutesBacillalesStaphylococcus

Target organismsactive on Gram-positive bacteria

Description

Mode of action:
Lanthionine-containing peptide antibiotic (lantibiotic). The bactericidal activity of lantibiotics is based on depolarization of energized bacterial cytoplasmic membranes, initiated by the formation of aqueous transmembrane pores.

Post-translational modification:
Maturation of lantibiotics involves the enzymic conversion of Thr, and Ser into dehydrated AA and the formation of thioether bonds with cysteine. The C-terminal lanthionine undergoes decarboxylation. This is followed by membrane translocation and cleavage of the modified precursor.

Uniprot and PDB links

UniProt Entry: P21838

PDB Entry~~Unknown~~

[Ref. 1] | View abstract | Export citation

NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], STRAIN=TU 3928
MEDLINE=89306540;PubMed=2765032;DOI=10.1016/0378-1097(89)90050-5
Schnell N., Entian K.-D., Goetz F., Hoerner T., Kellner R., Jung G.
"Structural gene isolation and prepeptide sequence of gallidermin, a new lanthionine containing antibiotic.", FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 49:263-267(1989).

[Ref. 2] | View abstract | Export citation

PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 31-52, STRAIN=TU 3928
MEDLINE=89030695;PubMed=3181159;
Kellner R., Jung G., Hoerner T., Zaehner H., Schnell N., Entian K.-D., Goetz F.
"Gallidermin: a new lanthionine-containing polypeptide antibiotic.", Eur. J. Biochem. 177:53-59(1988).

[Ref. 3] | View abstract | Export citation

STRUCTURE BY NMR.
MEDLINE=92032577;PubMed=1932575;
Freund S., Jung G., Gutbrod O., Folkers G., Gibbons W.A., Allgaier H., Werner R.
"The solution structure of the lantibiotic gallidermin.", Biopolymers 31:803-811(1991).

Gene structure

Gene id	Name	Description	Location
BACGene38	gdmE	GdmE proposed ABC transporter subunit (integral membrane domain)	complement(1..177)
BACGene39	gdmF	GdmF proposed ABC transporter subunit (ATP-binding domain)	complement(179..874)
BACGene40	gdmH	GdmH putative membrane protein	1035..2027
BACGene41	gdmT	GdmT ABC transporter	complement(2043..3686)
BACGene42	gdmA	GdmA precursor peptide of the lanthionine-containing peptide antibiotic (lantibiotic)gallidermin	3844..4002
BACGene43	gdmB	GdmB modifying enzyme; 5' end	4068..4373

Protein sequence

........10 ........20 ........30
| | |
IASKFLCTPG CAKTGSFNSY CC

Wheel representation

Protein sequence annotations

Feature	Position(s)	Length	Description
PEPTIDE	1↔22	22	Lantibiotic gallidermin. Feature identifier = PRO_0000017119.
Modified residue	14		(Z)-2,3-didehydrobutyrine.
Cross-link	3↔7	5	Lanthionine (Ser-Cys).
Cross-link	8↔11	4	Beta-methyllanthionine (Thr-Cys).
Cross-link	16↔21	6	Lanthionine (Ser-Cys).
Cross-link	19↔22	4	S-(2-aminovinyl)-D-cysteine (Ser-Cys).

Composition

Amino acid	Count	Percent
A	2	9.09 %
C	4	18.18 %
D	0	0.00 %
E	0	0.00 %
F	2	9.09 %
G	2	9.09 %
H	0	0.00 %
I	1	4.55 %
K	2	9.09 %
L	1	4.55 %
M	0	0.00 %
N	1	4.55 %
P	1	4.55 %
Q	0	0.00 %
R	0	0.00 %
S	3	13.64 %
T	2	9.09 %
V	0	0.00 %
W	0	0.00 %
Y	1	4.55 %

Hydrophobicity

Composition

Formula	C₉₉ H₁₅₃ N₂₅ O₃₀ S₄
Absent amino acids	DEHMQRVW
Common amino acids	C
Mass (Da)	2320.05
Net charge	+2
Isoelectric point	8.33
Basic residues	2
Acidic residues	0
Hydrophobic residues	6
Polar residues	13
Aliphatic residues	2
Tiny residues	7
Boman Index	-6.8
Hydropathy Index	0.4
Aliphatic Index	44.55
Instability Index	20.5 (stable)
Half Life	Mammalian : 20 hour Yeast : 30 min E. coli : >10 hour
Extinction Coefficient	1740 M^-1 cm^-1
Absorbance 280nm	82.86