Bacteriocin: sublancin 168
Accession: BAC062
Classification
Class: Lantibiotic
Genetics
Gene: sunA; OrderedLocusNames=BSU21480
Producer and target organisms
Producer Organism: Bacillus subtilis [Gram-positive]
Taxonomy: Bacteria
FirmicutesBacillalesBacillaceaeBacillus
Target organismsactive on some Gram-positive bacteria
Description
Mode of action:
Lanthionine-containing peptide antibiotic (lantibiotic). The bactericidal activity of lantibiotics is based on depolarization of energized bacterial cytoplasmic membranes, initiated by the formation of aqueous transmembrane pores. Inhibits Bacillus cereus spore outgrowth, after the germination stage, approximately 1000-fold better than it inhibits exponential growth of the same cells.
Post-translational modification:
Maturation of lantibiotics involves the enzymic conversion of Thr and Ser into dehydrated AA and the formation of thioether bonds with cysteine. This is followed by membrane translocation and cleavage of the modified precursor, both of which are probably performed by sunT. Production of active sublancin 168 requires at least one thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase (bdbB or in its absence bdbC). NOTE=Ref.1. greater than that expected from the amino acid composition, making it likely that there is an unidentified posttranslational modification of the peptide.
Lanthionine-containing peptide antibiotic (lantibiotic). The bactericidal activity of lantibiotics is based on depolarization of energized bacterial cytoplasmic membranes, initiated by the formation of aqueous transmembrane pores. Inhibits Bacillus cereus spore outgrowth, after the germination stage, approximately 1000-fold better than it inhibits exponential growth of the same cells.
Post-translational modification:
Maturation of lantibiotics involves the enzymic conversion of Thr and Ser into dehydrated AA and the formation of thioether bonds with cysteine. This is followed by membrane translocation and cleavage of the modified precursor, both of which are probably performed by sunT. Production of active sublancin 168 requires at least one thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase (bdbB or in its absence bdbC). NOTE=Ref.1. greater than that expected from the amino acid composition, making it likely that there is an unidentified posttranslational modification of the peptide.
Uniprot and PDB links
UniProt Entry: P68577 O34781 O64033
PDB Entry2MIJ resolved by NMR
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA], STRAIN=168
MEDLINE=98044033;PubMed=9384377;DOI=10.1038/36786
Kunst F., Ogasawara N., Moszer I., Albertini A.M., Alloni G., Azevedo V., Bertero M.G., Bessieres P., Bolotin A., Borchert S., Borriss R., Boursier L., Brans A., Braun M., Brignell S.C., Bron S., Brouillet S., Bruschi C.V., Caldwell B., Capuano V., Carter
"?",
MEDLINE=98044033;PubMed=9384377;DOI=10.1038/36786
Kunst F., Ogasawara N., Moszer I., Albertini A.M., Alloni G., Azevedo V., Bertero M.G., Bessieres P., Bolotin A., Borchert S., Borriss R., Boursier L., Brans A., Braun M., Brignell S.C., Bron S., Brouillet S., Bruschi C.V., Caldwell B., Capuano V., Carter
"?",
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 20-37, MASS SPECTROMETRY, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIBIOTIC ACTIVITY, STRAIN=168 / BR151
MEDLINE=98389743;PubMed=9722542;DOI=10.1074/jbc.273.36.23134
Paik S.H., Chakicherla A., Hansen J.N.
"Identification and characterization of the structural and transporter genes for, and the chemical and biological properties of, sublancin 168, a novel lantibiotic produced by Bacillus subtilis 168.", J. Biol. Chem. 273:23134-23142(1998).
MEDLINE=98389743;PubMed=9722542;DOI=10.1074/jbc.273.36.23134
Paik S.H., Chakicherla A., Hansen J.N.
"Identification and characterization of the structural and transporter genes for, and the chemical and biological properties of, sublancin 168, a novel lantibiotic produced by Bacillus subtilis 168.", J. Biol. Chem. 273:23134-23142(1998).
REQUIREMENT FOR SUNT, AND BDBB OR BDBC FOR ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCTION, STRAIN=168
MEDLINE=21988147;PubMed=11872755;DOI=10.1074/jbc.M201158200
Dorenbos R., Stein T., Kabel J., Bruand C., Bolhuis A., Bron S., Quax W.J., Van Dijl J.M.
"Thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases are essential for the production of the lantibiotic sublancin 168.", J. Biol. Chem. 277:16682-16688(2002).
MEDLINE=21988147;PubMed=11872755;DOI=10.1074/jbc.M201158200
Dorenbos R., Stein T., Kabel J., Bruand C., Bolhuis A., Bron S., Quax W.J., Van Dijl J.M.
"Thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases are essential for the production of the lantibiotic sublancin 168.", J. Biol. Chem. 277:16682-16688(2002).
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Gene structure
| Gene id | Name | Description | Location |
| BACGene225 | sunS | sublancin glycosyltransferase 16.6: Maintain 16.4: Excrete Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain;PubMedId: 15743949, 21196935, 21910430; Product type e: enzyme | complement(2265668..2266936) |
| BACGene226 | sunT | sublancin 168 lantibiotic transporter 16.1: Circulate Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain;PubMedId: 15743949, 9722542; Product type t: transporter | complement(2267346..2269463) |
| BACGene227 | sunA | sublancin 168 lantibiotic antimicrobial precursor peptide in SPBeta prophage 16.5: Explore 16.8: Protect Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain;PubMedId: 15743949, 9722542; Product type h: extrachromosomal | complement(2269521..2269691) |
| BACGene228 | sunI | protein of immunity to sublancin 16.5: Explore 16.8: Protect Evidence 1a: Function experimentally demonstrated in the studied strain;PubMedId: 10376821, 19047653; Product type cp: cell process | complement(2269988..2270305) |
Protein sequence
| ........10 ........20 ........30 ........40 | | | | GLGKAQCAAL WLQCASGGTI GCGGGAVACQ NYRQFCR |
Wheel representation
3D Structure
Protein sequence annotations
| Feature | Position(s) | Length | Description |
| PEPTIDE | 1↔37 | 37 | SPBc2 prophage-derived bacteriocinsublancin-168. Feature identifier = PRO_0000017145.
|
| CARBOHYD | 22 | S-linked (Glc). | |
| DISULFID | 7↔36 | 30 | |
| DISULFID | 14↔29 | 16 | |
| MUTAGEN | 21 | G->E: No effect on glycosylation. | |
| MUTAGEN | 21 | G->Q: No effect on glycosylation; whenassociated with A-42. | |
| MUTAGEN | 22 | C->S: Abolishes glycosylation. | |
| MUTAGEN | 23 | G->A: No effect on glycosylation; whenassociated with Q-40. | |
| MUTAGEN | 23 | G->E,K: No effect on glycosylation. |
Composition
Hydrophobicity
Composition
| Formula | C156
H248
N50
O46
S5 |
| Absent amino acids | DEHMP |
| Common amino acids | G |
| Mass (Da) | 3738.96 |
| Net charge | +3 |
| Isoelectric point | 8.51 |
| Basic residues | 3 |
| Acidic residues | 0 |
| Hydrophobic residues | 13 |
| Polar residues | 17 |
| Aliphatic residues | 5 |
| Tiny residues | 15 |
| Boman Index | -16.49 |
| Hydropathy Index | 0.24 |
| Aliphatic Index | 66.22 |
| Instability Index | 35.76 (stable) |
| Half Life |
Mammalian : 30 hour Yeast : >20 hour E. coli : >10 hour |
| Extinction Coefficient | 7240 M-1 cm-1 |
| Absorbance 280nm | 201.11 |
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