Bacteriocin: Nisin A

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Bacteriocin: Nisin A

Accession: BAC047

Classification
Class: Lantibiotic
Genetics
Gene: spaN; Synonyms=nisA
Producer and target organisms

Producer Organism: Lactococcus lactis subsp (Streptococcus lactis), lactis [Gram-positive]

Taxonomy: BacteriaFirmicutesLactobacillalesStreptococcaceaeLactococcus

Target organismsactive on Gram-positive bacteria: Enterococcus - Lactobacillus - Lactococcus - Leuconostoc - Listeria - clostridium

Description
Mode of action:
Lanthionine-containing peptide antibiotic (lantibiotic). The bactericidal activity of lantibiotics is based on depolarization of energized bacterial cytoplasmic membranes, initiated by the formation of aqueous transmembrane pores.

Post-translational modification:
Maturation of lantibiotics involves the enzymic conversion of Thr, and Ser into dehydrated AA and the formation of thioether bonds with cysteine. This is followed by membrane translocation and cleavage of the modified precursor. plasmid DNA. The sequences reported are absolutely identical.
Uniprot and PDB links

UniProt Entry: P13068

PDB EntryUnknown

NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], STRAIN=ATCC 11454 / DSM 20729 / NCDO 496
MEDLINE=89034093;PubMed=3141403;
Buchman G.W., Banerjee S., Hansen J.N.
"Structure, expression, and evolution of a gene encoding the precursor of nisin, a small protein antibiotic.", J. Biol. Chem. 263:16260-16266(1988).
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], STRAIN=ATCC 11454 / DSM 20729 / NCDO 496
MEDLINE=91282469;PubMed=1905517;
Steen M.T., Chung Y.J., Hansen J.N.
"Characterization of the nisin gene as part of a polycistronic operon in the chromosome of Lactococcus lactis ATCC 11454.", Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:1181-1188(1991).
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], STRAIN=6F3
MEDLINE=89155467;PubMed=2493449;
Kaletta C., Entian K.-D.
"Nisin, a peptide antibiotic: cloning and sequencing of the nisA gene and posttranslational processing of its peptide product.", J. Bacteriol. 171:1597-1601(1989).
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], STRAIN=6F3
MEDLINE=93128945;PubMed=1482192;
Engelke G., Gutowski-Eckel Z., Hammelmann M., Entian K.-D.
"Biosynthesis of the lantibiotic nisin: genomic organization and membrane localization of the NisB protein.", Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58:3730-3743(1992).
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], STRAIN=NIZO R5
MEDLINE=93373937;PubMed=7689965;
Kuipers O.P., Beerthuyzen M.M., Siezen R.J., de Vos W.M.
"Characterization of the nisin gene cluster nisABTCIPR of Lactococcus lactis. Requirement of expression of the nisA and nisI genes for development of immunity.", Eur. J. Biochem. 216:281-291(1993).
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 24-57.
Gross E.
"",
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 24-57.
MEDLINE=72072901;PubMed=5131162;
Gross E., Morell J.L.
"The structure of nisin.", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 93:4634-4635(1971).
STRUCTURE BY NMR.
MEDLINE=92111494;PubMed=1765078;
van de Ven F.J., van den Hooven H.W., Konings R.N.H., Hilbers C.W.
"NMR studies of lantibiotics. The structure of nisin in aqueous solution.", Eur. J. Biochem. 202:1181-1188(1991).
STRUCTURE BY NMR.
MEDLINE=92246867;PubMed=1575686;
Lian L.-Y., Chan W.C., Morley S.D., Roberts G.C.K., Bycroft B.W., Jackson D.
"Solution structures of nisin A and its two major degradation products determined by NMR.", Biochem. J. 283:413-420(1992).
STRUCTURE BY NMR.
MEDLINE=93202265;PubMed=8454055;DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(93)80065-3
van den Hooven H.W., Fogolari F., Rollema H.S., Konings R.N.H., Hilbers C.W., van de Ven F.J.
"NMR and circular dichroism studies of the lantibiotic nisin in non- aqueous environments.", FEBS Lett. 319:189-194(1993).
STRUCTURE BY NMR.
MEDLINE=93120109;PubMed=8418850;
Sailer M., Helms G.L., Henkel T., Niemczura W.P., Stiles M.E., Vederas J.C.
"15N- and 13C-labeled media from Anabaena sp. for universal isotopic labeling of bacteriocins: NMR resonance assignments of leucocin A from Leuconostoc gelidum and nisin A from Lactococcus lactis.", Biochemistry 32:310-318(1993).
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BibTeX
Gene structure
genome of Nisin A

Gene idNameDescriptionLocation
BACGene166nisXtransposase1..329
BACGene167nisANisin-prepeptide1159..1332
BACGene168nisBbiosynthetic gene1439..4420
BACGene169nisTtransport of Nisin4431..6233
BACGene170nisCbiosynthetic gene6214..7470
nisXnisAnisBnisTnisC
Protein sequence
 ........10 ........20 ........30 ........40 
          |          |          |          | 
 ITSISLCTPG CKTGALMGCN MKTATCHCSI HVSK

Wheel representation
wheel representation of Nisin A
Protein sequence annotations
Features of Nisin A

TSS
FeaturePosition(s)LengthDescription
PEPTIDE1↔3434
Lantibiotic nisin-A.
Feature identifier = PRO_0000017123.
Modified residue2(Z)-2,3-didehydrobutyrine.
Modified residue52,3-didehydroalanine (Ser).
Modified residue332,3-didehydroalanine (Ser).
Cross-link3↔75Lanthionine (Ser-Cys).
Cross-link8↔114Beta-methyllanthionine (Thr-Cys).
Cross-link13↔197Beta-methyllanthionine (Thr-Cys).
Cross-link23↔264Beta-methyllanthionine (Thr-Cys).
Cross-link25↔284Beta-methyllanthionine (Thr-Cys).
Composition
Hydrophobicity

Composition
Formula C143 H246 N42 O45 S7
Absent amino acids DEFQRWY
Common amino acids CT
Mass (Da) 3516.78
Net charge +5
Isoelectric point 8.52
Basic residues 5
Acidic residues 0
Hydrophobic residues 8
Polar residues 18
Aliphatic residues 6
Tiny residues 9
Boman Index -12.88
Hydropathy Index 0.41
Aliphatic Index 71.76
Instability Index 27.52 (stable)
Half Life Mammalian : 20 hour
Yeast : 30 min
E. coli : >10 hour
Extinction Coefficient 250 M-1 cm-1
Absorbance 280nm 7.58

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