Bacteriocin: mutacin-2
Accession: BAC035
Classification
Class: Lantibiotic
Genetics
Gene: mutA
Producer and target organisms
Producer Organism: Streptococcus mutans [Gram-positive]
Taxonomy: Bacteria
FirmicutesLactobacillalesStreptococcaceaeStreptococcus
Target organismsactive on Gram-positive bacteria
Description
Mode of action:
Lanthionine-containing peptide antibiotic (lantibiotic). Transiently and partially depolarizes the transmembrane electrical potential and pH gradient of susceptible cells, inhibits the uptake of amino acids and depletes the intracellular ATP pool. pH dependence: Stable from pH 4.0 to 10.0; Temperature dependence: Thermostable;
Post-translational modification:
Maturation of lantibiotics involves the enzymic conversion of Thr, and Ser into dehydrated AA and the formation of thioether bonds with cysteine. This is followed by membrane translocation and cleavage of the modified precursor. RANGE=27-53; NOTE=Ref.2. RANGE=27-53; NOTE=Ref.6.
Lanthionine-containing peptide antibiotic (lantibiotic). Transiently and partially depolarizes the transmembrane electrical potential and pH gradient of susceptible cells, inhibits the uptake of amino acids and depletes the intracellular ATP pool. pH dependence: Stable from pH 4.0 to 10.0; Temperature dependence: Thermostable;
Post-translational modification:
Maturation of lantibiotics involves the enzymic conversion of Thr, and Ser into dehydrated AA and the formation of thioether bonds with cysteine. This is followed by membrane translocation and cleavage of the modified precursor. RANGE=27-53; NOTE=Ref.2. RANGE=27-53; NOTE=Ref.6.
Uniprot and PDB links
UniProt Entry: O54329
PDB EntryUnknown
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], STRAIN=T8
MEDLINE=98121310;PubMed=9461412;DOI=10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00578-7
Woodruff W.A., Novak J., Caufield P.W.
"Sequence analysis of mutA and mutM genes involved in the biosynthesis of the lantibiotic mutacin II in Streptococcus mutans.", Gene 206:37-43(1998).
MEDLINE=98121310;PubMed=9461412;DOI=10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00578-7
Woodruff W.A., Novak J., Caufield P.W.
"Sequence analysis of mutA and mutM genes involved in the biosynthesis of the lantibiotic mutacin II in Streptococcus mutans.", Gene 206:37-43(1998).
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 27-34, FUNCTION, POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS, MASS SPECTROMETRY, AND STABILITY, STRAIN=T8
MEDLINE=94292461;PubMed=8021218;
Novak J., Caufield P.W., Miller E.J.
"Isolation and biochemical characterization of a novel lantibiotic mutacin from Streptococcus mutans.", J. Bacteriol. 176:4316-4320(1994).
MEDLINE=94292461;PubMed=8021218;
Novak J., Caufield P.W., Miller E.J.
"Isolation and biochemical characterization of a novel lantibiotic mutacin from Streptococcus mutans.", J. Bacteriol. 176:4316-4320(1994).
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 27-37, POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS, AND MUTAGENESIS OF ASN-27; VAL-33; PRO-35; THR-36; CYS-41; CYS-52 AND CYS-53, STRAIN=T8
MEDLINE=98320567;PubMed=9647795;
Chen P., Novak J., Kirk M., Barnes S., Qi F., Caufield P.W.
"Structure-activity study of the lantibiotic mutacin II from Streptococcus mutans T8 by a gene replacement strategy.", Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:2335-2340(1998).
MEDLINE=98320567;PubMed=9647795;
Chen P., Novak J., Kirk M., Barnes S., Qi F., Caufield P.W.
"Structure-activity study of the lantibiotic mutacin II from Streptococcus mutans T8 by a gene replacement strategy.", Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:2335-2340(1998).
PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 27-50, POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS, AND MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-41 AND CYS-52, STRAIN=T8
MEDLINE=20283611;PubMed=10821848;DOI=10.1074/jbc.275.21.15845
Krull R.E., Chen P., Novak J., Kirk M., Barnes S., Baker J., Krishna N.R., Caufield P.W.
"Biochemical structural analysis of the lantibiotic mutacin II.", J. Biol. Chem. 275:15845-15850(2000).
MEDLINE=20283611;PubMed=10821848;DOI=10.1074/jbc.275.21.15845
Krull R.E., Chen P., Novak J., Kirk M., Barnes S., Baker J., Krishna N.R., Caufield P.W.
"Biochemical structural analysis of the lantibiotic mutacin II.", J. Biol. Chem. 275:15845-15850(2000).
FUNCTION, STRAIN=T8
MEDLINE=96161276;PubMed=8592997;
Chikindas M.L., Novak J., Driessen A.J.M., Konings W.N., Schilling K.M., Caufield P.W.
"Mutacin II, a bactericidal lantibiotic from Streptococcus mutans.", Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 39:2656-2660(1995).
MEDLINE=96161276;PubMed=8592997;
Chikindas M.L., Novak J., Driessen A.J.M., Konings W.N., Schilling K.M., Caufield P.W.
"Mutacin II, a bactericidal lantibiotic from Streptococcus mutans.", Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 39:2656-2660(1995).
POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY, STRAIN=T8
MEDLINE=96304760;PubMed=8660519;DOI=10.1006/abio.1996.0181
Novak J., Kirk M., Caufield P.W., Barnes S., Morrison K., Baker J.
"Detection of modified amino acids in lantibiotic peptide mutacin II by chemical derivation and electrospray ionization-mass spectroscopic analysis.", Anal. Biochem. 236:358-360(1996).
MEDLINE=96304760;PubMed=8660519;DOI=10.1006/abio.1996.0181
Novak J., Kirk M., Caufield P.W., Barnes S., Morrison K., Baker J.
"Detection of modified amino acids in lantibiotic peptide mutacin II by chemical derivation and electrospray ionization-mass spectroscopic analysis.", Anal. Biochem. 236:358-360(1996).
MUTAGENESIS OF GLU-14; VAL-15; SER-16; GLU-19; LEU-20; ILE-23; GLY-25 AND GLY-26, STRAIN=T8
MEDLINE=21100277;PubMed=11179642;
Chen P., Qi F., Novak J., Krull R.E., Caufield P.W.
"Effect of amino acid substitutions in conserved residues in the leader peptide on biosynthesis of the lantibiotic mutacin II.", FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 195:139-144(2001).
MEDLINE=21100277;PubMed=11179642;
Chen P., Qi F., Novak J., Krull R.E., Caufield P.W.
"Effect of amino acid substitutions in conserved residues in the leader peptide on biosynthesis of the lantibiotic mutacin II.", FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 195:139-144(2001).
Loading...
Gene structure
| Gene id | Name | Description | Location |
| BACGene133 | mutA | mutacin II lantibiotic | 496..657 |
| BACGene134 | mutM | orf1 | 726..3422 |
Protein sequence
| ........10 ........20 ........30 | | | NRWWQGVVPT VSYECRMNSW QHVFTCC |
Wheel representation
Protein sequence annotations
| Feature | Position(s) | Length | Description |
| PEPTIDE | 1↔27 | 27 | Lantibiotic mutacin-2. Feature identifier = PRO_0000017129. |
| Modified residue | 25 | 2,3-didehydrobutyrine. | |
| Cross-link | 10↔15 | 6 | Beta-methyllanthionine (Thr-Cys). |
| Cross-link | 12↔26 | 15 | Lanthionine (Ser-Cys). |
| Cross-link | 19↔27 | 9 | Lanthionine (Ser-Cys). |
| MUTAGEN | 1 | Missing: No protein is secreted. | |
| MUTAGEN | 7 | V->A: No loss of activity. | |
| MUTAGEN | 9 | P->A: Low activity, less than 10% ofwild-type. | |
| MUTAGEN | 10 | T->A: Loss of secretion. | |
| MUTAGEN | 10 | T->S: No loss of activity. | |
| MUTAGEN | 15 | C->A: Loss of activity. | |
| MUTAGEN | 26 | C->A: Loss of activity. | |
| MUTAGEN | 27 | C->A: Low activity, less than 10% ofwild-type level. |
Composition
Hydrophobicity
Composition
| Formula | C147
H210
N42
O39
S4 |
| Absent amino acids | ADIKL |
| Common amino acids | V |
| Mass (Da) | 3336.21 |
| Net charge | +2 |
| Isoelectric point | 8.06 |
| Basic residues | 3 |
| Acidic residues | 1 |
| Hydrophobic residues | 8 |
| Polar residues | 11 |
| Aliphatic residues | 4 |
| Tiny residues | 3 |
| Boman Index | -44.49 |
| Hydropathy Index | -0.36 |
| Aliphatic Index | 42.96 |
| Instability Index | 51.46 (unstable) |
| Half Life |
Mammalian : 1.4 hour Yeast : 3 min E. coli : >10 hour |
| Extinction Coefficient | 18115 M-1 cm-1 |
| Absorbance 280nm | 696.73 |
Users comments for mutacin-2
No comments found